This chemical process reverts the powder cocaine mkaing process by one step, producing a smokable form of the naturally found alkaloid cocaine. Cocaine isnt new and neither are all the slang terms and nicknames for it. Those who smoke crack will begin to report problems with their drug use after an average of six months, whereas powder cocaine users typically. Cocaine, nci thesaurus by stabilizing neuronal membranes, cocaine inhibits the initiation and conduction of nerve impulses and produces a reversible loss of sensation. This compendium of drug slang terms has been alphabetically ordered, and identifies drugs and drug categories in english and foreign language derivations. The crack epidemic had particularly devastating effects. Standard cocaine comes in the form of a white powder, though its color and texture can be altered by certain additives.
Amphetamine cocaine crack cocaine fentanyl and fentanyl derivatives ghb heroin hydrocodone ketamine klonopin. Cocaine is a powerfully addictive stimulant drug made from the leaves of the coca plant native to south america. Definition of on crack the online slang dictionary. It is commonly snorted, inhaled as smoke, or dissolved and injected into a vein. As a rule of thumb, it is profoundly unwise to take crackcocaine.
It is so named because it makes a cracking or popping sound when heated. Its also common for cocaine and crack cocaine to be mixed with other substances to intensify or alter the effects of either drug or to lessen the negative symptoms of cocaine use. Crack was once seen as an inner city, urban and minority problem. Young white people are nine times more likely to try crack cocaine than young black people. Cocaine, nci thesaurus cocaine speeds up your whole body. Cocaine use disorders and suicidal ideation sciencedirect. In the 1980s, crack use created an epidemic that affected thousands of people in poor urban communities in the united states. In the 1960s, psychedelic drugs were all the rage, as the counterculture glorified the use of marijuana and lsd as part of rebellion against mainstream norms. Characteristics of rural crack and powder cocaine users. The national survey on drug use and health reports that in 2008, an estimated 5.
Several differences exist between crack and cocaine. Toxicity in a variety of organs has been reported, including the cardiovascular, respiratory, and central nervous systems. Crack users take crack cocaine by putting the cocaine rocks into a crack pipe and smoking them. April, 1989, the kerry committee report concluded that members of th. Crack, which is derived from powdered cocaine, is a rocklike form of cocaine that can be smoked to achieve a high. Crack epidemic, the significant increase in the use of crack cocaine, or crack, in the united states during the early 1980s. Mental effects may include loss of contact with reality, an intense feeling of happiness, or agitation. Labor studies despite widespread popular accounts linking crack cocaine to innercity decay systematic research has analyzed the effect of the introduction of crack on urban crime. The introduction of crack cocaine and the rise in urban. Crack definition, to break without complete separation of parts. Alcohol and popular drugs have accrued numerous slang terms. Nicknames include rock, work, hard, iron, cavvy, base, or just crack. For cocaine, 57% reported powder cocaine and 33% reported crack use in the last month, while 66% proved positive for cocaine on hair analysis. The former is usually cheaper and more available than powdered cocaine.
Crack cocaine law and legal definition uslegal, inc. Chemically purified, very potent cocaine in pellet form that is smoked through a glass pipe and is considered highly and rapidly addictive. The lungs have a much larger surface area than the mucas membrane of your nose, so immediately after taking a hit of crack, youll get the high. The introduction of crack cocaine and the rise in urban crime rates jeff grogger, mike willis. Continued daily use causes sleep deprivation and loss of appetite, resulting in malnutrition. According to the national institute on drug abuse, cocaine is still widely abused today and plays a key role in the problems that are taking place on the streets, within the country, within other countries and in communities all over the world. The term crack comes from the sound these rocks make when heated up for smoking. This slang page is designed to explain what the meaning of on crack is. Crack, on the other hand, is made into white chunks that look like small rocks. Crack cocaine s lower price, ease of production, and manner of distribution small quantities sold to individuals for personal use was thought to have made it more accessible in poor, urban communities than powder cocaine. Cocaine is a hydrochloride salt in its powdered form, while crack cocaine is derived from powdered cocaine by combining it with water and another substance, usually baking soda sodium bicarbonate.
Definition of the slang term basehead verywell mind. Crack cocaine drugs a dangerous drug thats a freebase form of cocaine that can be smoked. Longterm effects from use of crack cocaine include severe damage to the heart, liver and kidneys. Bippingsnorting heroin and cocaine, either simultaneously or close together. Although the majority of crack users are white, and this majority is growing, a greater percentage of. The invention of crack represented a technological innovation that dramatically widened the availability and use of cocaine in inner cities. Crack cocaine is the crystal form of cocaine, which normally comes in a powder form. Its said to be the most addictive form of cocaine there is.
A glossary of drugrelated slang terms verywell mind. In conclusion, we present data on cocaine and alcohol use and expression of suicidal ideation in 777 patients evaluated in the pes of a large urban hospital. Crack cocaine definition and meaning collins english. Cocaine, though not the most popular drug nowadays, was once a very popular drug in the 1970s and 1980s. How was crack cocaine introduced into urban and lowincome. Cocaine is typically a whiteish powder with a bitter, numbing taste. The brain has evolved a truly vicious set of negative feedback mechanisms. Lxxxii november 2000 number 4 the emergence of crack cocaine and the rise in urban crime rates jeff grogger and michael willis abstractdespite widespread popular accounts that link crack cocaine to innercity decay, little systematic research has analyzed how the emergence of crack affected urban. Cocaine is a widely abused substance around the world. Crack cocaine definition of crack cocaine by the free. Crack cocaine is a form of the drug cocaine which has been purified and made into. These nicknames are often based on the appearance of the drug. It is most often insufflated snorted, though it can also be injected and used orally.
Crack is a slang word that refers to crack cocaine a drug that is derived from cocaine and is illegal, has a high potential for addiction and dependence, and. Cocaine is wellabsorbed following contact with the oral, nasal, gastrointestinal, rectal, and vaginal mucosa, or via the pulmonary alveoli following inhalation. As with snorted or injected cocaine, it has both acute and chronic adverse effects, including heart and nasopharyngeal damage, seizures, sudden death, and psychosis. Cocaine is a naturally derived cns central nervous system stimulant extracted and refined from the coca plant grown primarily in the andean region of south america. What is crack cocaine differences between crack and cocaine. Information and translations of crack cocaine in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web. Because of its nature as an inhalable substance, the high is quicker and more intense, leading to a larger number of addicts. Cocaine use was associated with substanceinduced mood and psychotic disorders and with expression of.
Crack is the street name for cocaine which is processed by treating the cocaine hydrochloride with sodium bicarbonate to create readytouse small chips for smoking. The bioavailability of cocaine is approximately 90. The drug causes short but intense euphoric effects. Cocaine is a naturally derived cns central nervous system stimulant extracted and refined from the coca plant grown primarily in the andean region of. Crack is a slang word that refers to crack cocaine a drug that is derived from. Crack cocaine law and legal definition crack, also known as crack cocaine, or rock, is a controlled substance which is illegal to possess, use, or distribute in the united states. Although health care providers can use it for valid medical purposes, such as local anesthesia for some surgeries, cocaine is an illegal drug. Crack is much more addictive than cocaine, because it absorbed faster. Cocaine, definition of alcoholism, effects of cocaine, crack, nose powder. Crack cocaine definition of crack cocaine by medical. Stay current by learning the street names for cocaine and crack cocaine. Cobimetinib, nci thesaurus cocaine binds to the dopamine, serotonin, and.
Racial and ethnic diversity among a heroin and cocaine. Whites had higher rates of heroin use but lower rates of cocaine use than blacks, and lower rates of alcohol use in. Crack cocaine is relatively inexpensive and extremely addictive. Measuring crack cocaine and its impact harvard university. The plate cracked when i dropped it, but it was still usable. Crack epidemic united states history 1980s britannica. Physical symptoms may include a fast heart rate, sweating, and large pupils. A huge list of common cocaine street names and crack cocaine slang terms.
Cocaines vasoconstrictive properties prolong the rate of absorption and delay its peak effect when absorbed from mucosal surfaces. Even though the crack epidemic peaked in 1990, powder and crack cocaine use has remained a significant us public health problem. A dangerous drug thats a freebase form of cocaine that can be smoked. There are numerous slang terms and street names for illicit drugs. In 2007, nearly 1 million people aged 12 years and older used cocaine for the first time. There is great risk when using any form of cocaine, but crack cocaine is the. Cocaine, also known as coke, is a strong stimulant most frequently used as a recreational drug. Slang words for cocaine urban thesaurus the online. After cocaine and baking soda are combined, the mixture is boiled, and a solid forms. Otherwise known as crack cocaine, this illegal drug is a mixture of two parts cocaine and one part baking soda. Cocaine can also be made into small white rocks, called crack.
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